CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Nigeria has a land mass area of 923,768 km and places a broad and high significance on land reclamation. Rural areas, which consist mostly of low-density grid cells (<300 inhabitants per km 2 ). This leads to the death or migration of amphibious species along the coast. Speaking on the Oworonsoki land reclamation exercise, Commissioner for Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Ade Akinsanya said that the project would add immense economic values to the state. This is because such activities lead to the clearing of the mangrove forest and other coastal vegetation. These areas are naturally covered with water during high tides, but are filled with soil and consolidated to prevent tidal flooding during high tide. The way the practice is being done in Nigeria encourages subsidence along the coast. Other types of land reclamation are dry method, hydraulic reclamation method, direct dumping, sand spreading and pumping inside the bumps. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Some of the biggest cities in Nigeria are looked at below. As a result, offshore systems such as coral reefs and eel grass beds are readily degraded. ( See also city; urban planning .) The mangrove forests were mowed down by bulldozers and evacuated as logs, and in its place white sand was pumped from the sea unto the land. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation pro- duction, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. The causes of land reclamation in the Niger Delta are grouped into two: (1) direct and (2) indirect causes. Simplicity and transparency. Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. Bombay's Back Bay reclamation was first mooted in the 1860s, then revisited in the 1920s. The gigantic project, like others, is being done as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between Lagos state government and Orange Island Development Company (OIDC). This is a natural ecological restoration. The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . In some occasions, it is filled with both. (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. But in the Niger Delta landscape reclamation is used to convert coastal areas to terrestrial areas. This further denigrates the soil structure and converts the aquatic environment to marshy environment. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. The African Development Bank, Africa Union and Africa50 launched the Alliance during COP27 last November with global partners: the African Union Development Agency, the. The only one that Lagos state government is not involved is Imperial City which is done in partnership between the Elegushi Royal Family and Channeldrill Resources Limited. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. Undoubtedly it would be technically possible to reclaim much, possible most of the Wash, but there are a couple of obstacles. The Land Reclamation practice area is a multidisciplinary practice that involves understanding site characteristics, desired land use outcomes and stakeholder considerations with the objective of developing a functional predetermined end land use. It could also lead to fish kills and smothering of aquatic organisms. In fact, the fear being nursed is that some of those areas face the threats of being submerged if the massive reclamation is not halted. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprising. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. For indigenous vacations in Nigeria, Calabar is often the first location that comes to mind, hence why it's among the most beautiful cities in Nigeria. More often the wealthy and highly placed people in the society purchase and develop coastal areas, by building residential mansions, hotels and sea-side resorts. According to him, the ideal way is for the Ministries of Waterfront Infrastructure Development and Physical Planning and Urban Development to lead a Lagos Lagoon Management Plan, a 30-year master plan that will detail the usage, preservation and envision what Lagos Lagoon will look like in the next three decades. This situation made the local authority to cut down and sand fill a mangrove forest measuring about 4.2 million m2 in 1984 (Figure 2). Fast-growing cities in the Gulf and Southeast Asia are turning water into real estate at a spectacular pace and scale. Bounded in the South by the Atlantic Ocean, the city is situated on the mainland, home to 70% of the city's population with series of islands and a peninsula that holds the remaining 30% (Ogunlesi, 2012). Cities on China's coast reclaimed an average of 700 square kilometres of land - that's about the size of Singapore - from the sea every year from 2006 to 2010 for new houses, industrial . The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. Permits are issued by DEC for annual terms of up to five years and may be renewed. red, white and black mangroves) and seeds of nipa palm and Heritiera littoralis. Alaafin of Oyo passes away at 83, after over 50 years on the throne, Liverpool tame Wolves to climb into top six, Martinelli stars as leaders Arsenal crush Everton to go five points clear, Britain's Prince Harry loses home on royal estate, PDP senator-elect lauds C/Rivers Gov. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. Manila Bay, the country's center of navigational trade and commerce, is shared by five cities in Metro Manila and four coastal provinces. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. This situation affects the fish survival and population. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. In a natural seedling recruitment, after a disturbance event the first set of species that settle and colonize an area are the pioneer species. The direct causes include: (i) land expansion, (ii) construction activities, (iii) land acquisition and (iv) succession (land-forming activities of mangroves). Increasing population in small communities had also led to the reclamation of coastal areas to create room for the construction of houses to accommodate more people. Located in the west-central part of Nigeria, Minna is a quiet and beautiful city in Nigeria. These activities are economically beneficial to farmers, but inimical to the environment. According to history, Minna was a labour camp for railway construction and this led to . Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. The scouring of the river bottom crushes and destroys a lot of organisms such as shell and non-shell fish community in that location. It is the result of abiotic (physical and chemical) and biotic agents of change. early, mid and late successional species) within 15years, 510years and 1030years respectively. Narrating their ordeal to Premium Times last year, the residents whose hope of economic survival has been tampered with, have tales of woe to tell concerning their awful experience. We have carried out some investigations. "Land reclamation kills mangroves, seagrass and corals. Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. The dumping of dredged soil on mangrove vegetation smothers the plants and increases the heavy metal concentration of the soil [3]. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. This is a situation where rivers near ports are expanded to accommodate large ocean going ships. In 2013, rainfed agriculture accounted for 380,000 sq km in Nigeria, covering over 40 percent of its national territory . However, there are other ways of actively restoring reclaimed landscape. The plants growing on the sand fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall. But in the last two months I have not caught a single fish. An example is the establishment of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Bonny Island in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Surrounding areas of the swamps are usually dredged and sand-filled to enable it to support the mounting of crude oil well head and the laying of pipelines (Figure 5). Therefore, the best option is to remediate it so that it will carry out its ecological functions even if it results to another landform. The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. This includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries. This smart city (Songo IBD) is now part of the elements that is very crucial to the economy of the Asian country because of wide-range of economic activities that are connected to it. Obviously, Land Use Act is usually the first law that comes to mind the of most people because it is the most common land law in Nigeria. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. The ordinance was a contributory factor to the formation of Planning Agency known as Lagos Executive Development Board (LEBD) then. Government budget refers to an annual financial statement that denotes its anticipated expenditure and expected revenue generation in a fiscal year. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. It also deepens the sea bed, which affects the water level. Political Map of Nigeria Map based on a UN map. Invasion of foreign species in coastal areas is another precursor to land reclamation activity aimed at remediating the sites in the Niger Delta region. I see nothing wrong in sand filling or perhaps reclaiming land from the sea. Canalization is done to enable ships to berth at the wharf, without running aground. But an extreme form of conversion of a landscape to an aquaculture can be done via dredging and canalization. Through the use of police power they acquire and take over mangrove forest they bulldoze the forest, dredge and sand fill the site, which they allow to lie fallow for some years or reinforce and develop immediately. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. Examples of artificial islands in Nigeria include Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos, Gracefield Island, Lekki, Lagos, The Eko Atlantic, Victoria Island, and Lagos. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. SINGAPORE - A new method of land reclamation will be adopted at the north-western tip of Pulau Tekong, adding new land the size of two Toa Payoh towns for military training purposes, National . Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. The country features 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, which is known as Abuja.The country of Nigeria features over five hundred different ethnic groups, many different languages, and declared its independence from the United Kingdom on October 1, 1960. Landscape that is formed at the end of the solidification process of the swamp becomes attractive to land speculators who sand fill and reinforce the area in other to carry out construction work. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. However, there are other types of land reclamation, depending on the type of fill material, topography of the seabed and the type of equipment available. The result indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the highest concentration. Before reclamation the site is cleared, which leads to the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [3]. In a classical case of land recuperation after landscape reclamation at Eagle Island in the Niger Delta, recruitment occurred through natural process within a space of 13years. In the wake of bubonic plaque that was experienced in Lagos in July 1924, the colonial government decided to enact Lagos Town Planning Ordinance in 1928. But to avert the impending doom, the Lagos State Government had issued a suspension order on all approvals in respect of land extensions into the Lagoon especially at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. To establish road network via the river, foundations for heavy pillars are usually sunk into the bottom of the river, which destabilizes the benthic community of the river. The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. It involves human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity. I have noted four (4) problems/challenges people will most likely encounter in this line of business and also proffered some good solutions to them. Sand mines are often abandoned after some years of operation. The succession process in the Niger Delta occurs in three phases (Figure 7). This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. Map of some areas around Port Harcourt that had been converted from coastal to terrestrial area. A field observation made indicates that seeds at the end of the sand filled area had better growth than seeds at the mouth of the entrance of the balkanized sand. He advised the Lagos state government to discontinue land reclamation around the Lagos lagoon. Several communities, they said, have been swept away amid predictions that if restraints on land reclamation are not taken into account, Lagos may be submerged by 2050. Farms are generally small and scattered and use simple tools and shifting cultivation. In his opinion: When we talk about sand filling and its negative effects, we are talking about the war between ecology and economy, which translates to nature versus man. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). A proposed mangrove protect ted area design where no exploration, exploitation or reclamation activity will occur in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. Together the system of management is called ecosystem management, which is a way of managing reserve to benefit biodiversity and people. "The oil industry in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get scammed. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . On its right is the. 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